GOODLOD MODEL

•  John Goodlad’s model deviates a bit from the Ralph Tyler’s model. It is particularly unique in its use of social values. 
•  Goodlad proposes they should be used as data sources. Hence, Goodlad proposes four data sources:

1. Values,
2.  Funded knowledge
3. Conventional wisdom
4.  students needs and interests.

• Funded knowledge is that knowledge which is gained from research. Generally, Research is heavily funded by various organizations. Information from research should be used to inform educational practice in all aspects and hence in curriculum design.
• Conventional wisdom includes specialized knowledge within the society, for example from experts in various walks of life and ‘older’ wise persons.
• Students’ needs and interests should also be taken into consideration in the design process.

Data from the various sources is then used to develop general aims of education, from which General Educational objectives are derived. These objectives should be stated in behavioural terms. A behavioural objective has two components:

1.  a behavioural element 
2. a substantive element. 

• Behavioural element refers to the ‘action’ that a learner should be able to perform,
•  the substantive element represents the ‘content’ or “substance” of the behaviour
• From the general objectives, the curriculum designer identifies learning opportunities that will facilitate the achievement of the general objectives. This could, for example, be specific courses of study.
• The next step involves deriving specific educational objectives, stated behaviourally. These are now akin to instructional objectives. They are used to identify“organizing centers”; which are specific learning opportunities. For example, a specific topic, a field trip, an experiment, etc.
• Regarding evaluation, Goodlad proposed continuous evaluation at all stages of the design process.